Abstract

Nearly 200 species of orchids have been recorded from Kerala, but several of them have a restricted distribution. Urgent steps have become necessary for the protection of orchids, especially the rare and endemic species. Although the best way to conserve a species is to conserve its habitat, this is not always practicable in the case of orchids as each species has its own habitat preferences. In addition to in situ conservation, ex situ conservation is possible through establishment of orchidaria. An orchidarium was constructed in the institute as per the design obtained from the orchidologist, National Orchidarium, Yercaud, for ex situ conservation and multiplication of indigenous orchids. About one hundred species were collected during the study period and 84 species are maintained in the orchidarium, including some rare and endemic species. Herbarium specimens were also prepared and incorporated into the institute herbarium (KFRI). The specimens were identified with pertinent literature and by comparing with authentic specimens. Suitable planting methods were adopted for growing the orchids in the orchidarium depending on their habit and habitat. In general, epiphytic orchids come well under cultivation. Among the orchids collected, five species are records of occurrence for Kerala